Other examples of improvements in release-11 were carrier-aggregation enhancements, a new control-channel structure, and performance requirements for more advanced device receivers. One of the most notable features of LTE release 11, finalized in late 2012, was radio- interface functionality for coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission and reception. Release 11 further extended the performance and capabilities of LTE. LTE release 10 was completed in early 2011 and introduced enhanced LTE spectrum flexibility through carrier aggregation, further extended multi-antenna transmission, support for relaying, and improvements around inter-cell interference coordination in heterogeneous network deployments. The principle of backwards compatibility is important and has been kept for all LTE releases, but also imposes some restrictions on the enhancements possible restrictions that are not present when defining a new standard such as NR. Essentially this means that an earlier-release LTE device should be able to access a carrier supporting LTE release-10 functionality, although obviously not being able to utilize all the release-10 features of that carrier. One important requirement was backwards compatibility. These targets/requirements extended the ITU requirements both in terms of being more aggressive as well as including additional requirements. However, in addition to the ITU requirements, 3GPP also defined its own targets and requirements for LTE Advanced. One of the main targets of LTE release 10 was to ensure that the LTE radio-access technology would be fully compliant with the IMT-Advanced requirements thus, the name LTE Advanced is often used for LTE release 10 and later. Release 10 marks the start of the LTE evolution. Chapter 15: Getting started with RapidMiner, is set at the end of the book because some of the later sections in the chapter build on the material presented in the chapters on tasks however, the first few sections are a good starting point to become familiar with the tool. Acclimating with RapidMiner will be helpful while using the algorithms that are discussed in this book.
First, it is recommended that the free version of RapidMiner Studio software is downloaded from and second, the first few sections of Chapter 15 : Getting started with RapidMiner, should be reviewed in order to become familiar with the features of the tool, its basic operations, and the user interface functionality. It is believed that learning the concepts and implementing them enhances the learning experience. Before delving into the key data science techniques and algorithms, two specific things should be noted regarding how data science algorithms can be implemented while reading this book.